Child Development in Developing Countries Introduction and Methods free essay sample

Every territory of advancement is interdependency as they don't work in detachment however rather, they are interlinked. In the event that a youngster encounters a postponement inside there improvement it’s liable to influence more than one zone of advancement. Accordingly inside an early year setting its fundamental that professionals perceive a child’s singular needs and comprehensively plans to ensure all territories of advancement are being secured just as new associations being adjusted to what they definitely know. Physical advancement of infants and little youngsters must be supported through the arrangement of various chances, permitting them to dynamic and intelligent to help improve their abilities in coordination, control, and development. Youngsters must be upheld in creating and comprehend the significance of physical movement as a child’s physical action can affect their fearlessness. For instance, if a youngster is discontent with there appearance it could influence there sometime down the road. We will compose a custom article test on Youngster Development in Developing Countries: Introduction and Methods or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page While in the event that they are fearless it will improve there fixation, way of life, and in general turn of events. This can affect a child’s correspondence and language as it can influence their scholarly turn of events, permitting the youngster to be progressively alert, physical movement is likewise prone to empower social advancement as there will be more open doors for kids to mingle and advance in confidence. For a kid to comprehend the world the kid should comprehend that various youngsters have various convictions, shaded skin, religions. This bigly affects a child’s social improvement as they will have a familiarity with the world and others around them, permitting them to classification make new companions. Expressive expressions and improvement permit a small kid to make new things by utilizing their creative mind by utilizing various materials and hardware, permitting them to be one of a kind. Presenting expressive expressions at a youthful age will urge a youngster to communicate both verbally and inventively permitting it to add to there physical turn of events and social turn of events. Inventiveness identifies with physical advancement as it can build up a child’s fine and gross engine aptitudes. The individual and passionate improvement permits a kid to create abilities, for example, making connections, having self-assurance and mindfulness and comprehension of what activities can influence others. Individual and enthusiastic advancement is elevated in settings to permit kids to have a decision which will empower them to accentuate support or what they need to do. In any case, individual and enthusiastic improvement can be influenced, if a kid has a handicap the kid could have a low confidence as they may feel that they can't partake in exercises, this shouldn’t be the situation by advancing uniformity, decent variety and incorporation to kids in a setting will permit kids and experts to adjust the movement guaranteeing everybody is incorporated. Along these lines it’s essential to concentrate on more than one territory of advancement as they will all interface with each other, guaranteeing that all children’s improvement is bolstered and energized in explicit territories considering a child’s singular needs.

Five More Reasons Why You Should Consider Private School

Five More Reasons Why You Should Consider Private School A portion of the well known reasons why guardians see tuition based school as training choice for their youngsters incorporate littler classes and sublime offices. Nonetheless, there are other significant reasons why families decide to send their kids to tuition based school. Singular Attention Most guardians need their youngsters to have however much close to home consideration as could reasonably be expected. All things considered, you invested gigantic measures of energy sustaining them when they were babies. On the off chance that you can get it going, you need them to get however much individual consideration as could reasonably be expected in school too. In the event that you send your kid to a tuition based school, almost certainly, she will be in a little class. Free schools frequently have class estimates that extend from 10 to 15 understudies, contingent upon grade. Parochial schools have marginally bigger class estimates normally in the 20 to 25 understudy go. With a lower understudy to educator proportion, instructors can give every understudy progressively singular consideration. Another significant part of expanded individual consideration is that discipline issues will in general be less incessant. There are two essential reasons why: most understudies are in tuition based school since they want to learn and, besides, numerous non-public schools have progressively predictable implementation of sets of principles. As such, if an understudy gets out of hand or defies the norms, there will be outcomes, and those may incorporate ejection. Parental Involvement Tuition based schools anticipate that guardians should be effectively engaged with their childs training. The idea of a three-way organization is a significant almost most tuition based schools work. Normally, the level of investment and contribution will likely be more prominent on the off chance that you have a youngster in preschool or rudimentary evaluations than if you are the parent of a secondary school understudy or a kid away at life experience school. What sort of parental association would we say we are discussing? That relies upon you and the measure of time which you can give to assisting. It additionally relies upon your abilities and experience. The best activity is to watch and see where you can fit in. On the off chance that the school needs a talented coordinator to run the yearly sale, at that point help out as an advisory group part for a year or two preceding contribution to take on the lead job. In the event that your little girls instructor requests that you help chaperone a field trip, that is a chance to show what an extraordinary cooperative person you are. Scholarly Differences Most tuition based schools don't need to instruct to a test. Accordingly, they can concentrate on showing your kid how to think, instead of showing her what to think. That is a significant idea to comprehend. In numerous government funded schools, poor grades can mean less cash for the school, negative exposure, and even the likelihood that an educator could be looked into ominously. Tuition based schools dont have those weights of open responsibility. They should meet or surpass state educational plan and least graduation prerequisites, yet they are responsible just to their customer base. In the event that the school doesn't accomplish the ideal outcomes, guardians will discover a school which does. Since non-public school classes are little, your kid can't stow away in the rear of the class. On the off chance that she doesn't comprehend a math idea, the instructor will likely find that before long and can address the learning issue on the spot, as opposed to holding up weeks or months to fix it. Numerous schools utilize an instructor guided way to deal with realizing so understudies find that learning is energizing and brimming with conceivable outcomes. Since tuition based schools offer a wide range of instructive techniques and approaches going from customary to exceptionally dynamic, it is dependent upon you to pick a school whose approach and reasoning cross sections best with your own points and destinations. A Balanced Program In a perfect world, you need your youngster to have a decent program in school. A decent program can be characterized as equivalent amounts of scholastics, sports, and extracurricular exercises. In tuition based school, most understudies partake in sports as schools attempt to accomplish that sort of adjusted program. At some tuition based schools, Wednesdays are a half-day of formal classes and a half-day of sports. In all inclusive schools, there might be classes on Saturday mornings, after which understudies take an interest in group activities. Sports projects and offices shift enormously from school to class. A portion of the more settled life experience schools have sports projects and offices which are better than those at numerous universities and colleges. Despite the extent of a schools sports program, what is extremely significant is that each kid is required to take an interest in some athletic movement. Extracurricular exercises are the third part of a decent program. Like mandatory games, understudies must take an interest in an extracurricular movement. Numerous tuition based schools have broad music, craftsmanship, and dramatization programs, so there are numerous extracurricular exercises to look over. As you investigate school sites, survey the games and extracurricular exercises as cautiously as you audit the scholarly educational program. Ensure that your childs advantages and needs are appropriately met. You ought to likewise take note of that intramural games and most extracurricular exercises are trained or regulated by employees. Seeing your math educator instructing the soccer group and sharing your energy for the game establishes a tremendous connection with a youthful psyche. In a tuition based school, instructors have the chance to be models in numerous things. Strict Teaching Government funded schools are required to keep religion out of the study hall. Tuition based schools can show religion or not, contingent upon the strategic way of thinking of the specific school. In the event that you are a faithful Lutheran, there are many Lutheran possessed and worked schools in which your convictions and practices won't just be regarded yet educated regularly. The equivalent is valid for the various strict sections. Article altered by Stacy Jagodowski

Research on Stop and Frisk Policies Essay Example

Research on Stop and Frisk Policies Essay Example Research on Stop and Frisk Policies Essay Research on Stop and Frisk Policies Essay Research on Stop and Frisk Policies BY duke31186 13Dec13 Research done on NYCs Stop and Frisk Policies Since its execution in the policing practices of the NYPD, Stop and Frisk approaches have been followed and concentrated by numerous outsider scholarly people that have some expertise in criminal Justice frameworks. Among them are John Jay school of Criminal Justice, VERA organization for Justice, New York Law School, Center for Constitutional Rights, Center on Race Crime and Justice, and the New York State Attorney Generals Office. Each of hese scholarly substances directed research on various viewpoints or predicaments achieved by Stop and Frisk policing. The Center for Constitutional Rights directed research on the Human Impact of the Stop and Frisk strategies, by meeting people who had experienced this training. They talked with tests of fluctuating age, sex, race and ethnicity. The focuses guarantee is that these meetings give proof of how profoundly this training impacts people, just as reporting the far reaching common and human rights transports, including unlawful profiling, ill-advised captures, unseemly contacting, lewd behavior, embarrassment and brutality on account of cops. CCR] The Centers study found that Race is the essential figure included the determination of people for halting just as the significant basic factor for the degree of mercilessness or debasement incurred upon the suspect; strangely, these discoveries were accounted for to happen paying little mind to the race of the official being referred to. The undeniable impediments of a report directed by talking forthcoming unapproachable casualties, is the propen sity or adornment that happens between an informer and a violator. The VERA Institutes study, Coming of Age with Stop and Frisk: Experiences, Self-Perceptions, and Public Safety Implications, means to clarify the negative ramifications of policing approaches on New York Citys youth. It concentrated solely on youngsters in exceptionally watched, horror regions who have been halted by police at any rate once, the examination studied approximately 500 individuals between the ages of 18 and 25 and directed top to bottom meetings with a littler example of 13-to 21 - year-olds. VERA] These reviews and meetings were then gathered to evaluate the effect of Stop and Frisk on New York Citys youth. One of the key discoveries is that this experience is a continuous event that appears to be unjustified or out of line. Another revealed treachery is the shared trait with which utilization of power, dangers, and searches happen. These reports lead to the studys principle discovering, which uncovers the disturbing number of young people that report a doubt of police and a reluctance to help out them. This examination has many clear constraints to draw from it. The underlying professes to clarify the impacts on NYCs youth can't be cultivated with an example size as little as it might have been; neither would it be able to clarify segregation while focusing as explicit segment or neighborhood. Maybe the most complete and balanced research study, from which the New York State Attorney Generals study and the New York Law School Law Review article were based, can be credited to John Jay College of Criminal Justice. The information utilized in NYPDs arranged information that is open record. The specialists of John Jays Center on Race, Crime and Justice gathered, charted and broke down the information got, which howed some astonishing outcomes. Over the nine-year time frame 2003 to 2011, the yearly number of stops recorded by cops in New York City more than quadrupled, from 160,851 to 685,724, preceding declining by 22% in 2012. CRCJ] This number incorporates people that were halted more than once, however carries us to a more prominent inquiry. NYPDs Field Training Unit Program Guide p. 3 peruses, A cop is required to set up a UF-250 for every individual halted on the off chance that at least one of the accompanying conditions are met: the stop includes the utilization of powe r; a search or increasingly xtensive inquiry of the individual happens; the stop brings about a capture; or the individual won't distinguish oneself. On the other hand, p. 9 peruses, .. n ALL cases in which an official keeps somebody dependent on sensible doubt of a lawful offense or crime as characterized by the Penal Law, a Stop, Question and Frisk Report Worksheet must be readied. The reasonable disjointedness exampled hear shows the likelihood that officials may not exclusively be deciding to underreport, however may really be doing so legitimately dependent on p. 3 of their own field direct. Some upsetting information is cap of the correlation of stops to genuine vicious or weapon related wrongdoings. The information shows that the quantity of stops revealed in 2012, 532,911, was far surpassing the quantities of different genuine wrongdoings. The quantities of criminal acts, for example, felonious attack, theft, gun ownership, firing occurrence, assault, and murder totaled up to just 48,403. What occurred during stops was generally disturbing in any case. Firearms were discovered just . 14% of the time, Knives and such just 1 . 13%, stash just 1 . 7%; while suspects were searched 55. 8%, and physical utilization of power by an official was utilized at 7. 3% of the time. While there is the glaring chance of underreporting by officials, this information taking from NYPDs Uniform Crime Reports is sufficient to feature the moral situations that exist inside Stop and Frisk policing. References Stop and Frisk: The Human Impact July 2012 Center for Constitutional Rights [CCR] Nahal Zaman, et. al Coming old enough with Stop and Frisk September 2013 VERA establishment [VERA] Jennifer Fratello, Andres f. Rengifo, Jennifer Trone 2013 Center on Race, Crime and Justice; John Jay College of Criminal Justice [CRCJ] Dr. Delores Jones-Brown, et. al

Tough Choices For Women In the novel The Color Purple - Free Essay Example

In the novel The Color Purple women are faced with tough choices, fighting against all mens efforts to suppress them or surrender and get ran all over.The Color Purple is a story about black women in abusive and difficult relationships that attempt to procure their freedom. The novel focuses on the main character Celies life. She starts off as a poor, pitiful entity and become a self-assured loved woman. The color purple is about a poor black girl named Celie in the. The special format of all the letters from Celie to God give us an insight of her life. We are able to follow Celies through her years maturity and growth. The book begins by Celie being raped by a man known as Pa and gets pregnant twice by him. Celies mother dies soon after and shes left with a housekeepers role and is forced to marry Mr. , a man with kids. This man is known as Albert and hes in love with Nettie, Celies sister and confidant.Physical and verbal abuse is a constant thing in Celies life. Mr. , makes her raise his children from another marriage. He hates her, and verbally and physically abuses her. She is constantly told she is ugly, skinny, and got nothing. When shug fist met celie she said you sure is ugly. Celie is miserable with Mr__. Nettie and Celie both mature through the course of the whole novel, a maturation they keep along side the letters they exchanged with each other. Despite the constant abus e towards celie, she grows in the novel and becomes an independent woman. She is able to growth and love from shug, who teaches celie about love and safety. Shug plays the role of a man-eater but when she is with celie she calm and relaxed and shes able to be herself around her. In other domains she must play a role. Celie also benefits from her tender relationship with shug. Shug is used to living a life that had as much love and nurturing in it as Celies. She said he mother, mama never love to do nothing had to do with touching anybody, she say. I try to kiss her, she turn her mouth away. Say, cut out, lillie.Nonetheless, the pair forms a nurturing relationship in which they take car of each other. Nw days shug is all about love, and feelings. As shug says i love to hug, period. She say. Dont need nothing else right now. celie learns how to care about people and at the same time care for her slf all because of shug. She begins this journey of independence and self love through her reationg with shug. At a point her and hugs relationship was physical, but that was alice walkers way of showing the means of giving and receiving comfort and nurture. The entire occurrence is handled in the novel as a motherly act, similar to a sympathetic mother nursing her child, Then I feels something real soft and wet on my breast, feel like one of my little lost babies mouth. Way after a while, I act like a little lost baby too. We can see in this illustration that the women share a caring bond, similar to motherhood. They must act as their own loving parents since they have none. When shug leaves Celie feels lonely and deserted. She isnt strong enough to be alone so she becomes vexed with shug and leaves her knowing that she depended on their love. By leaving shug breeds the last stages of Celies progress, in which she becomes powerful , and is able to take care of herself, and someone that can love again. Celies say near the end of the story i love folks. Celie is no longer a frightened child who needs or depends on her sister nettie or shug. She has become a tough and mature woman who can face her own challenges head on. Part of Celies journey of maturing is her relationship with Nettie. Celie lives of the letters from her sister, the ones that Mr. gladly keeps from her. Through the letters we can see Netties maturation which she benefits from association with celie as much as celie does and as also as much as shug and celie did. Through the letters celie discovers theres a whole new world beyond where shes been. One which her sister must face struggles and triumphs similar to hers. In one of the letters from nettie, celie discovers the man known as Pa is not her father. and I pray with all my heart that you get this letter, if none of the others. Pa is not our Pa. Nettie is a source of comfort and truth that celie experience in her sour relationship with Mr. The color purple signifies how a small amount of love, small amount of touching, and a tiny act of caring can offer relief against abusive, and non-nurturing environment like the one cedlie faces. By being able to continue, celie is able to conquer her limitations and her disadvantages of her environment and mature into someone whos loving and independent. She is no longer a victim of abuse. There are many examples of abuse throughout the novel. Sophia is beat harpo but she fights back. Other women werent even able to fight back. Women till this day are treated as objects in this novel by white society and black men. Shug Avery is all about control, power, and independence. In the novel Women do all the work. Even the way Mr. fancies Nettie shows the power that women have over men in the novel. Even so, men visit untold abuses against women in the novel, black men whom someone would think would grasp their women deserve a break. This just shows that when people are abused, they often turn to abusing others. This is what we see in the novel and it is only the love, nurture of women that generate some kind of socialization, binding, and an azure of love and safety. Without them there wouldnt be such environment, but rather one existing on abuse, hatred, and sexual abuse. Walker wrote this book to show that no matter how much abuse one endures, one can find a way to escape relearn how to love and feel. The color purple is women that at one point came from physical violence of some sort, but when it comes to womens hearts they remain bright and full of love.

Students Deserve A College Tuition Essay - 3258 Words

Think about this: a straight F student with a family that has a sufficient amount of money. This student gets to go to the best college that their family’s money can buy, which will probably go to waste on partying. Now compare that to a straight A student, living in a too-small temporary place, and no way to pay the bills. This student is everything a college could dream of having, and they actually care about their education. Sadly enough, though, they will never go because how can someone possibly go to college when their family cannot even pay the bills? Considering this scenario, should students in temporary living situations with 3.0 GPAs or higher earn free college tuition? I believe that students in these situations with a 3.0 GPA†¦show more content†¦The qualifications that colleges will be rated on include tuition, graduation rates, debt/earnings of graduates, and percentage of lower-income students attending. If this wins approval in Congress, students with a 3.0 GPA or higher in a temporary living situation will have the opportunity for their financial aid to be based on some of these qualifications. My opinion is that the more people that support this kind of financial aid for these types of students, the higher the likelihood of it to become a reality. President Obama urges many colleges to experiment in reducing the costs included. His plan mentions degrees that are not based on credits, but on how much they show that they know.2 Therefore, if these students cannot pay for the credits, it will not be an issue because with their 3.0 GPA they can prove that they know enough to deserve the degree. They can demonstrate what they know by taking a test to prove that they have gained enough knowledge to earn the degree without the credits. Also, by showing that they have an above-average grade point average proves that they do not need the credit hours to earn their degree because their grades are still high. Another approach mentioned i n the proposal in August is â€Å"massive open online courses,† or MOOCs, which are mostly free. Obama urges dual enrollment classes in high schools, as well, to start earning credits for college. These dual enrollment classes are important because they provideShow MoreRelatedCollege Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagesthe bottom quarter of family income went to one of the 238 most selective colleges, compared with 78 percent of students from the top quarter (Markell). Certainly, these numbers show that students that come from low income families aren’t getting the opportunities that they deserve. With college costs going nowhere but up, students from low-income families face tough decisions. Some students choose to attend community college while some make the decision to take out additional loans. There are alsoRead MoreCollege Economics: And Why College Athletes Need to Be Paid 1021 Words   |  5 PagesAthletic Association (NCAA) rules and regulations no college athlete is able to receive any compensation or endorsement while participating in college athletics. These rules have long been challenged, however, the NCAA does not make any changes. With universities grossing close to $200 million a year, college athletics has turned into one of the top industries in the world. The NCAA, a governing body of college athletics, currently holds all power in college athletics. Without people questioning the NCAARead MoreCollege Should Not Be Free876 Words   |  4 Pagesorder to make public college tuition free. A recent movement to federally mandate college funding has struck the interest of the lower, impoverished members of society. 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Sandy Baum, an economist and lead author of the College Boards report said that ‘Tuition is going to keep rising faster than inflation.’’ I haveRead MoreCollege Tuition Accessible For Everyone Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesMake College Tuition Accessible for Everyone Imagine one day when you send your children off to college and you don’t have to put yourself into serious debt for the rest of your life. Students are being forced to put themselves into debt before the age of 25 and most likely they will never be able to pay all of it back. This is a rising epidemic among this nations youth and when do we say enough is enough. Every college student deserves a fair chance at an education in the United States of AmericaRead MoreThe Debt That Affects Young Students1270 Words   |  6 PagesGraduating high school, so many students foresee their life with boundless potential. They imagine their life with endless possibilities, and a great majority of students strive their high school years in hopes of joining a college. Sadly, for countless students, they remain financially unable to receive the education they need. I propose that you consider Bernie Sander’s introduced bill â€Å"College for All Act†. You have recognized the crippling debt that affects young students, and even launched a planRead MoreCommunity College Education Should Not Be Tuition Free998 Words   |  4 PagesCommunity College Education Should Not Be Tuition Free Every year, millions of students graduate from high school and consider studying in community college. The main reason for them to choose community colleges over four-year universities is the affordable tuition, or they have undecided majors for their careers. Unfortunately, an academic article published in 2014 â€Å"How to Help College Students Graduate,† Kirp demonstrated, â€Å"American students are enrolling college in record numbers, but they areRead MoreShould College Be Free And Open For Anyone? Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pagesthey deserve. This is the reason why most people today aspire to have a college education, because attending college provides you with the skills and knowledge to be successful in the real world. If everyone had easy access to receiving a college education, the entire working field would be turned upside down. My audience for this essay is the voters that will be voting in this coming election. In addition, it will appeal to adults with younger children preparing for them to go off to college andRead MoreShould College Be Free Of Cost?846 Words   |  4 Pagesthey ask you for your college degree? You have all the skills and experience for the job, but you do not have a college Bachelor degree. â€Å"You are rejected† this is the similar response you will hear nowadays. College is the most important part in our generation to improve the future, it is really important for each and every one of us. College nowadays is really expensive. Leading many students to stop thinking about going to 4 year college and getting education. Should college be free of cost to attendRead MoreCollege Athletics Becoming The New Face Of Professional Sport1356 Words   |  6 PagesAre college athletics becoming the new face of professional sport leagues? What is the value of going to college when you have a $24-million-dollar contract on the table to go play for the Yankees, Celtics, or the Broncos? Is there any person that would give th e opportunity, experience, or money to go play for a college on a scholarship? Because that amount of money is so insignificant, it will not pay for his/her whole tuition and have a chance at a career ending injury in result. These are the

The Examination of the Residential School System in...

Education is an essential aspect in our ever-changing societies. It is used as a means of transmitting concepts, knowledge, and values, often to younger generations (Ravelli Webber, 2010). Education and schooling differ in all societies, varying based on the methods of teaching of different cultural groups. For instance, Canadian Aboriginal people were taught based on the needs of their individual families and class. This greatly differed from the European system of education, which stressed adequate involvement with all of society. Though the Aboriginal manner of education was efficient and effective, the Europeans wanted to bring a change to their previous practices. As seen in the film, Education As We See It, European missionaries†¦show more content†¦As many Aboriginals stood in the way of European economic expansion, Europeans forced the younger generation of Aboriginals to residential schools. This justified and assisted in their need to revolutionize former Aborigin al beliefs. More specifically, the correspondence principle identifies the changes Aboriginal children had to make in school in order to reflect that of the normal workplace. For instance, certain ideologies were enforced by residential schools. Aboriginal children were punished if they spoke in their native tongue, as this rule was reflected and followed in the workplace. With these regulations in place, the Aboriginal culture was on the verge of destruction, as it was nearly impossible for any future Aboriginal generations to receive proper knowledge on their native culture. More generally, conflict theory is based on social inequality, and it explains how the powerful promote their own interests at the expense of the weak (Ravelli Webber, 2010). Residential schools signify this notion, as the Aboriginals were mistreated and abused by the more powerful, prominent religious figures in the school. 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Monkey Beach illustrates how abuse in the past leads to another form of self-medication in the future - a neverending, vicious cycleRead MoreThe Indian Act3606 Words   |  15 PagesThe Indian Act was enacted in 1867 by the Parliament of Canada. The Department of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development administered the act. The act defines who an â€Å"Indian† is and the legal rights of the Aboriginal people in Canada. Regulation of the economic system between aboriginal people and the government of Canada is included in the Indian Act. It also includes the power the ministers have on the aboriginal people including children and disabled Aboriginals. If the laws are not obeyedRead MoreProblems Associated With Hepatitis C1422 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Indigenous peoples in Canada (First Nations, Inuit and Mà ©tis) are recognized as having a significantly increased hepatitis C disease burden in comparison to non-Indigenous Canadians (Uhanova, Tate, Tataryn, Minuk, 2013). Due to over-representation in many groups considered high-risk for hepatitis C transmission, such as those living in unstable housing or engaging in injection drug use, Indigenous peoples living in urban settings are particularly affected (Miller et al., 2010). RecentRead MoreThe Effects Of Pre Natal Alcohol Exposure On The Canadian Health Care System1479 Words   |  6 Pagesrange of neurological and psychological disabilities caused by permanent brain alterations (Petrenko et al., 2014). The adverse health outcomes that arise from FASD have lifelong implications and pose a significant burden on the Canadian health care system (Popova et al., 2013). From a public health perspective, FASD presents a unique and complex challenge due to the specialized needs of th ose diagnosed with FASD, and the complexities of maternal alcohol use. Understanding the status of FASD is aRead MoreEssay on Health Care Inequities for Aboriginal Women1782 Words   |  8 PagesHealth care inequities for Aboriginal women There are 1.1 million Aboriginal peoples living in Canada as of 1996 and 408,100 of them are women (Statistics Canada, 2000; Dion Stout et al, 2001). More than half live in urban centres and two thirds of those reside in Western Canada (Hanselmann, 2001). Vancouver is comprised of 28,000 Aboriginal people representing 7% of the population (Joseph, 1999). Of this total population, 70% live in Vancouver’s poorest neighbourhood which is the Downtown EastsideRead MoreA theoretical analysis of Aboriginal youth delinquency in Canada2343 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿ A Theoretical Analysis of Aboriginal Youth Delinquency in Canada Kielburger, Craig and Mark. (2012) The Shocking Contributor to Crime in Canada. The Huffington Post. N.p. Retrieved from . The failures of the Canadian criminal justice system can be clearly noted in our treatment of Aboriginal youth. While numbers have been declining, the incarceration rate of Aboriginal youth continues to be substantially higher thanRead MoreSocial Provincial Exam3766 Words   |  16 PagesSocial Studies 11 Examination Booklet 2008/09 Release Exam DO NOT OPEN ANY EXAMINATION MATERIALS UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO. FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS REFER TO THE RESPONSE BOOKLET. Contents: 21 pages 55 selected-response questions 2 written-response questions Examination: 2 hours Additional Time Permitted: 60 minutes  © Province of British Columbia PART A: SELECTED RESPONSE Value: 70% Suggested Time: 50 minutes INSTRUCTIONS: For each question, select the best answer and recordRead MoreThe Current Healthcare Model On Health And The Health Care Outcomes Of Illness Amongst People Groups1517 Words   |  7 Pagesinjury/ies, despite the great strides and achievements in diagnosing, treating and curing disease. Hence the population health model is being explored, and if properly studied and executed; within it may lie some of the answers to the current healthcare system challenges in the US. This model involves the provision of preventive and screening services that help keep people from falling ill or helps to identify sickness early when they might be easier to treat. This involves medical practitioners and public

Essential Academic Writing Skills Management

Question: Discuss about the Essential Academic Writing Skills Management. Answer: Introduction: Online betting or internet gambling is a term referring to gambling using the internet. With the improvement in technology, the gambling industry has changed and become one of the most lucrative businesses (Gainsbury, Russell, Hing, 2015). A wide range of gambling options attracts a huge amount of people. In Singapore, the two lottery operators- Singapore Pools and Turf Club were prevented from offering online gambling options. However, the persuasive usage of the internet, it was reported these two operators may be given a green signal to run online betting platforms (The Straits Times, 2016). This essay aims to present both opinions as to why the government must allow or disallow the two lottery operators to offer online betting. Although there are many debates regarding implementing laws to ban online gambling, many people raise the concern if it needs to be regulated. If the government allows Singapore Pools and Turf Club to offer online betting, several issues may surround the Singaporean government (The Straits Times, 2016). One of the common issues in online gambling is that the age of gamblers cannot be known. Therefore, there is a high moral risk where the underage kids are exposed to online gambling. Moreover, there is a risk of addiction leading to social issue. According to the statistics presented by the Ministry of Home Affairs survey of Singapore in 2013, at least three out of 10 internet users had gambled online for at least once in a year (Thecabinsingapore.com.sg, 2017). Therefore, there is a risk of increased addiction of gambling among people as internet is easily accessible to people at home without having the need to go anywhere. Another ethical issue is fraud as the internet gamblers cann ot e assured of the legitimacy of the games. There are some websites that take peoples credit card numbers without having proper security for it. Therefore, there is a high risk of fraudsters cheating and stealing peoples money online. A political concern raised in online gambling is missing out on taxes as the online gamblers are not necessarily taxed. Therefore, there is a decrease in revenue that makes leaves an economic impact on the government revenue (Gainsbury, Russell, Blaszczynski, 2014). The government must uphold its decision to allow the Singapore Pools and Turf Club to offer online betting. It is argued that online gambling is one of the most harmless and entertaining activities. A small amount of population suffers from problem gambling as illegal gambling does not stop any individual from what they want to do. Abdullah (2016) argues that the illegal online betting shall not eradicate any issue. The government may close down certain sites but there are always new sites coming up. Therefore, legalizing it in Singapore and allowing the two operators to offer online betting can help offer safety measures for keeping problem gambling in check. Moreover, when the business activity is legalized, the security of the sites shall be increased by the regulators leading to less fraudster activities (Dragicevic, Percy, Parke, 2013). Legalized gambling shall increase the responsibility of the individuals and state who suffer from problem gambling. Also, the people who are il legally struggling into gambling may require proper counselling. Therefore, legalizing it may help the online gamblers come out in the open so that they can talk about problems and seek support (Laffey, Della, Laffey, 2015). In the United States, there is no federal law against gambling online that makes it easy for the gamblers to access internet anywhere and place their bets (Koprowski, 2014). Also, in India, the online gambling market growth increased the state revenues. Other countries such as Great Britain and Italy have new sources of tax revenue leading to economy growth (Onlinecasino.in, 2017). Regulation of online betting shall create jobs that would take off pressure from social security budgets. According to the Irish Times report, a research conducted in Ireland, regulated gambling could create as many as 13,000 jobs in a country with a population of 4.5 million (Onlinecasino.in, 2017). Further, foreign investment can be brought in where any foreign investor can gamble online. Therefore, escaping from the perils of an unregulated online gambling market, the Singaporean government must legalize and uphold its decision to allow the Singapore Pools and Turf Club to offer online betting (Abdullah , 2016). However, certain arguments can be made where the governments decision to allow the two lottery operators to offer online betting must be upheld. It is argued that online betting gives rise to several moral, ethical and social issues. According to Huiwen (2016), the consumers and social workers have expressed concern about increasing addiction of gambling, especially among the youth. Gambling is an addictive activity and internet makes it convenient for the people to place bets. As the bets can be made online without having the need to go anywhere, the frequency of gambling is more likely to increase. As added by a counsellor Deborah Queek, the younger generation lack self-discipline that makes gambling addiction more harmful (Huiwen, 2016). Moreover, there is increased risk of people going online to bet and being cheated by fraudsters as the fake websites are created (LaPlante, Nelson, Gray, 2014). People generally dont embezzle from their employer, commit suicide or murder over a lost tennis game, though they do over their gambling losses. According to Rychlikova (2014), Royston Spearman cheated and duped people and made 180,000 in four years using several aliases and 26 bank accounts. Avoiding the temptation with online betting is more difficult as virtual casino can be accessed at work, home or anywhere else. Access to a persons bank account is only a click away where impulse betting is more common. It may be difficult to determine who is running an online casino and the most common trick used by the scammers is offering a "free-to-play" version (Gainsbury et al., 2014). Also, online gamblers may practice deceptive strategies where the online poker players belong to the same physical location. They may share information of the cards with each other that gives them an advantage over other players. Therefore, Singapore shall have social pathologies to worry about after unleash ing online gambling as legal. The traditional casinos can have a check on Ids and keeps the minors out. Therefore, online gambling could be a very bad bet and Singapore government must not legalize it (Lopez-Gonzalez, Griffiths, 2016). There is debate and discussion going on if the Singapore government must uphold its decision to allow the two lottery operators to offer online betting services. Hence, based on the above arguments and discussion, the Singapore government must uphold its decision to allow the two lottery operators- Singapore Pools and Turf Club to offer online betting. The social costs of gambling outweigh the benefits. From the above discussion, it is evident that apart from another form of electronic recreation, online gambling has not other significant benefits. The real issues such as risk of fraudsters, problem gambling, privacy concerns, under age exposure to gambling, real crimes and suicides outweigh the benefits. Legalized gambling shall increase the responsibility of the individuals and state who suffer from problem gambling. However, avoiding the temptation with online betting is more difficult as virtual casino can be accessed at work, home or anywhere else. Therefore, Singapore governmen t must not legalize online betting. Agreeably, the people will not stop and new websites shall be created but they can raise awareness about the ill effects of gambling. References Abdullah, Z. (2016).Regulated online betting safer for users: Minister.The Straits Times. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/regulated-online-betting-safer-for-users-minister Dragicevic, S., Percy, C., Kudic, A., Parke, J. (2013). A Descriptive Analysis of Demographic and Behavioral Data from Internet Gamblers and Those Who Self-exclude from Online Gambling Platforms.Journal Of Gambling Studies,31(1), 105-132. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10899-013-9418-1 Gainsbury, S., Russell, A., Blaszczynski, A., Hing, N. (2015). Greater involvement and diversity of Internet gambling as a risk factor for problem gambling.The European Journal Of Public Health,25(4), 723-728. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv006 Huiwen, N. (2016).Online betting: Fear of rise in addiction.The Straits Times. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/online-betting-fear-of-rise-in-addiction Koprowski, G. (2014).Cybergambling returns -- and this time it's legal.Fox News. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.foxnews.com/tech/2014/01/21/cybergambling-returns-and-this-time-it-legal.html Laffey, D., Della Sala, V., Laffey, K. (2015). Patriot games: the regulation of online gambling in the European Union.Journal Of European Public Policy,23(10), 1425-1441. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1105281 LaPlante, D., Nelson, S., Gray, H. (2014). Breadth and depth involvement: Understanding Internet gambling involvement and its relationship to gambling problems.Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors,28(2), 396-403. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0033810 Lopez-Gonzalez, H., Griffiths, M. (2016). Understanding the convergence of markets in online sports betting.International Review For The Sociology Of Sport. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216680602 Gainsbury, S., Hing, N., Delfabbro, P., King, D. (2014). A taxonomy of gambling and casino games via social media and online technologies.International Gambling Studies,14(2), 196-213. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2014.890634 Onlinecasino.in,. (2017).India misses out on $1.5bn a year through lack of online gambling regulation.Onlinecasino.in. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.onlinecasino.in/india-misses-out-on-1-5bn-a-year-through-lack-of-online-gambling-regulation/ Rychlikova, M. (2014).Man made 180,000 from online betting scam, court is told.York Press. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/11284392.Man_made___180_000_from_online_betting_scam__court_is_told/ The Straits Times,. (2016).Resolving online betting dilemma.The Straits Times. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/st-editorial/resolving-online-betting-dilemma Thecabinsingapore.com.sg,. (2017).Online Gambling in Singapore.Thecabinsingapore.com.sg. Retrieved 10 April 2017, from https://www.thecabinsingapore.com.sg/online-gambling-in-singapore/

Tax Research Project Essay Example

Tax Research Project Paper Shane Fitzgerald ACC 413-0001 – Concepts and Strategies of Taxation Research Memo RE: Deductions for medical expenses September 22, 2011 Facts:Janice was injured in an accident and prescribed 6 months of physical therapy in a swimming pool. She does not live within an hour of the nearest public pool and wants to build a pool in her backyard. Janice lives alone and her annual Adjusted Gross Income is $50,000. Issue: Is the cost to build and maintain a pool for Janice in part, or completely deductible as a medical expense? Authorities: IRC Sec. 213 (a) (d) (1. ) Reg  §1. 213-1 (e) (i) (ii) (iii) Rev. Rul. 83-33, 1983-1 CB 70, IRC Sec(s). 213 HAINES v. COMMISSIONER, 71 TC 644, Code Sec(s) 213 Conclusion: Janice will be allowed to deduct the amount of cost to build her pool which exceeds both the amount it will increase the value of her property and 7. 5% of her Adjusted Gross Income. She will also be able to deduct the cost to maintain the pool for the first year for a total medical expense deduction of $4,750. Analysis: IRC Sec. 13 (a) says that medical expenses paid during the year that were not covered by insurance are deductible, â€Å"to the extent that such expenses exceed 7. 5 percent of adjusted gross income. † Janices Adjusted Gross Income is $50,000, thus she can only deduct medical expenses if they exceed $3,750. However, the cost to build her pool was a capital expenditure because it increased the value of her home. Capital expenditures are typically not deductible but in Janices ca se, Reg  §1. 213-1 (e) (iii) says: capital expenditure which is related only to the sick person and is not related to permanent improvement or betterment of property, if it otherwise qualifies as an expenditure for medical care, shall be deductible a capital expenditure for permanent improvement or betterment of property which would not ordinarily be for the purpose of medical care may, nevertheless, qualify as a medical expense to the extent that the expenditure exceeds the increase in the value of the related property, if the particular expenditure is related directly to medical care. We will write a custom essay sample on Tax Research Project specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tax Research Project specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tax Research Project specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Her pool qualifies as a medical expense because of her doctors prescription. Under this regulation, the cost of her pool ($20,000) less the value added to her home ($12,000) will be deductible as a medical expense. This amount ($8,000) less the allowance of deduction ($3,750) leaves her with a total of $4,250 she can deduct for the construction of her pool. She can also deduct $500 this year for maintenance of her pool because, â€Å"expenditures for the operation or maintenance of the capital asset would also qualify provided that the medical reason for the capital expenditure still exists. The entire amount of such operation and maintenance expenditures qualifies, even if none or only a portion of the original cost of the capital asset itself qualified† [Reg  §1. 213-1 (e) (iii)]. In subsequent years she will not be able to deduct the maintenance cost unless her doctor renews her prescription of physical therapy in a swimming pool. The example used in Rev. Rul. 83-33, 1983-1 CB 70, IRC Sec(s). 213 is nearly identical to Janices case in which a physician prescribed physical therapy treatment by swimming and the individual constructed a pool for medical use. The courts have distinguished personal expenditures that are merely beneficial to the general health of the individual from those that have as their purpose medical care, the prevention or alleviation of a physical or mental defect or illness. † The pool Janice will construct will provide her with the best treatment for her condition. In the case of HAINES v. COMMISSIONER, 71 TC 644, Code Sec(s) 213, th e court ruled that the primary purpose of building a swimming pool was not directly related to the medical care required. The judge decided: During the period special therapy for his leg was required, it could have been secured through other far less costly means; for example, the petitioner could have secured the necessary therapy at the hospital or he could have arranged to swim at a health club which was not far from his residence. The pool cost the petitioner over $19,000, and we cannot accept his contention that such amount was spent primarily for therapy for his leg in view of the limited need for such therapy and the alternatives which were then available. The difference in Janices case is that she lives in a rural part of her state where there are no publicly available swimming pools within an hours commute and therefore building her own pool is necessary to treat her medical condition. In conclusion, Janice will be allowed to deduct the amount of cost to build her pool which exceeds both the amount it will increase the value of her property and 7. 5% of her Adjusted Gross Income. She will also be able to deduct the cost to maintain the pool for the first year for a total medical expense deduction of $4,750. Attachments:  § 213 Medical, dental, etc. , expenses. Internal Revenue Code (RIA) (a) Allowance of deduction. There shall be allowed as a deduction the expenses paid during the taxable year, not compensated for by insurance or otherwise, for medical care of the taxpayer, his spouse, or a dependent (as defined in section 152 , determined without regard to subsections (b)(1) , (b)(2), and (d)(1)(B) thereof), to the extent that such expenses exceed 7. 5 percent of adjusted gross income. Definitions. For purposes of this section — The term â€Å"medical care† means amounts paid— A) for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or for the purpose of affecting any structure or function of the body, (B) for transportation primarily for and essential to medical care referred to in subparagraph (A) for qualified long-term care services (as defined in section 7702B(c) ), or for insurance (including amounts paid as premiums under part B of titl e XVIII of the Social Security Act, relating to supplementary medical insurance for the aged) covering medical care referred to in subparagraphs (A) and (B) or for any qualified long-term care insurance contract (as defined in section 7702B(b) ). In the case of a qualified long-term care insurance contract (as defined in section 7702B(b) ), only eligible long-term care premiums (as defined in paragraph (10) ) shall be taken into account under subparagraph (D) . Reg  §1. 213-1. Medical, dental, etc. , expenses. (e) Definitions. (1) General. (I) The term â€Å"medical care† includes the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease. Expenses paid for â€Å"medical care† shall include those paid for the purpose of affecting any structure or function of the body or for transportation primarily for and essential to medical care. See subparagraph (4) of this paragraph for provisions relating to medical insurance. (ii) Amounts paid for operations or treatments affecting any portion of the body, including obstetrical expenses and expenses of therapy or X-ray treatments, are deemed to be for the purpose of affecting any structure or function of the body and are therefore paid for medical care. Amounts expended for illegal operations or treatments are not deductible. Deductions for expenditures for medical care allowable under section 213 will be confined strictly to expenses incurred primarily for the prevention or alleviation of a physical or mental defect or illness. Thus, payments for the following are payments for medical care: hospital services, nursing services (including nurses board where paid by the taxpayer), medical, laboratory, surgical, dental and other diagnostic and healing services, X-rays, medicine and drugs (as defined in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, subject to the 1-percent limitation in paragraph (b) of this section), artificial teeth or limbs, and ambulance hire. However, an expenditure which is merely beneficial to the general health of an individual, such as an expenditure for a vacation, is not an expenditure for medical care. Capital expenditures are generally not deductible for Federal income tax purposes. See section 263 and the regulations thereunder. However, an expenditure which otherwise qualifies as a medical expense under section 213 shall not be disqualified merely because it is a capital expenditure. For purposes of section 213 and this paragraph, a capital expenditure made by the taxpayer may qualify as a medical expense, if it has as its primary purpose the medical care (as defined in subdivisions (i) and (ii) of this subparagraph) of the taxpayer, his spouse, or his dependent. Thus, a capital expenditure which is related only to the sick person and is not related to permanent improvement or betterment of property, if it otherwise qualifies as an expenditure for medical care, shall be deductible; for example, an expenditure for eye glasses, a seeing eye dog, artificial teeth and limbs, a wheel chair, crutches, an inclinator or an air conditioner which is detachable from the property and purchased only for the use of a sick person, etc. Moreover, a capital expenditure for permanent improvement or betterment of property which would not ordinarily be for the purpose of medical care (within the meaning of this paragraph) may, nevertheless, qualify as a medical expense to the extent that the expenditure exceeds the increase in the value of the related property, if the particular expenditure is related directly to medical care. Such a situation could arise, for example, where a taxpayer is advised by a physician to install an elevator n his residence so that the taxpayers wife who is afflicted with heart disease will not be required to climb stairs. If the cost of installing the elevator is $1,000 and the increase in the value of the residence is determined to be only $700, the difference of $300, which is the amount in excess of the value enhancement, is deductible as a medical expense. If, however, by reason of this expenditure, it is determined that the value of the residence has not been increased, the entire cost of installing the elevator would qualify as a medical expense. Expenditures made for the operation or maintenance of a capital asset are likewise deductible medical expenses if they have as their primary purpose the medical care (as defined in subdivisions (i) and (ii) of this subparagraph) of the taxpayer, his spouse, or his dependent. Normally, if a capital expenditure qualifies as a medical expense, expenditures for the operation or maintenance of the capital asset would also qualify provided that the medical reason for the capital expenditure still exists. The entire amount of such operation and maintenance expenditures qualifies, even if none or only a portion of the original cost of the capital asset itself qualified. Rev. Rul. 83-33, 1983-1 CB 70 IRC Sec. 213 Revenue Rulings (1954 – Present) Headnote: Rev. Rul. 83-33, 1983-1 CB 70 IRC Sec. 213 Reference(s): Code Sec. 213; Reg  § 1. 213-1 Medical expenses; swimming pool; capital expenditures. Taxpayers cost of constructing a special exercise or â€Å"lap† swimming pool to treat severe osteoarthritis, to the extent the expenditure exceeds any resulting increase in the value of taxpayers related property, is deductible as a medical expense under section 213 of the Code. Rev. Ruls. 54-57 and 59-411 modified. Full Text: ISSUE Are expenditures for the costs of constructing, operating, and maintaining an exercise pool deductible as medical expenses under section 213 of the Internal Revenue Code? FACTS A, an individual, has severe osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease that results in a progressive weakness and decreased use of the knees and legs. To slow the effects of this disease, As physician prescribed a treatment of swimming several times a day. A constructed an indoor â€Å"lap† pool in order to follow the prescribed, daily exercise. The pool, which is attached to As residence, is 8 feet wide by 36 feet long and varies in depth from approximately 3 feet to 5 feet. The pool does not have a diving board and is not suitable for general recreational use. The stairs for the pool are specially designed with wider steps and smaller risers to enable A to safely enter and emerge from the pool. The ;Page 71; pool also has a hydrotherapy device to aid in As treatment. LAW AND ANALYSIS Section 213(a) of the Code allows a deduction in computing taxable income for expenses paid during the taxable year, not compensated for by insurance or otherwise, for medical care of the taxpayer, the taxpayers spouse, or a dependent, subject to certain limitations. The term â€Å"medical care† is defined by section 213(e) to include amounts paid for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, for the purpose of affecting any structure or function of the body, or for transportation primarily for and essential to these purposes. Section 1. 213-1(e)(1)(ii) of the Income Tax Regulations provides, in part, that deductions for expenditures for medical care allowable under section 213 of the Code will be confined strictly to expenses incurred primarily for the prevention or alleviation of a physical or mental defect or illness. However, an expenditure that is merely beneficial to the general health of an individual is not an expenditure for medical care. Section 1. 213-1(e)(1)(iii) of the regulations provides, in part, that capital expenditures are generally not deductible for federal income tax purposes. See section 263 of the Code and the regulations thereunder. However, an expenditure that otherwise qualifies as a medical expense under section 213 shall not be disqualified merely because it is a capital expenditure. Moreover, a capital expenditure for permanent improvement or betterment of property that would not ordinarily be for the purpose of medical care may, nevertheless, qualify as a medical expense to the extent that the expenditure exceeds the increase in the value of the related property, if the particular expenditure is related directly to medical care. The test whether a capital expenditure is deductible under section 213 of the Code as a medical expense is whether the expenditure is incurred for the primary purpose of, and is related directly to, the taxpayers medical care. The courts have distinguished personal expenditures that are merely beneficial to the general health of the individual from those that have as their purpose medical care, the prevention or alleviation of a physical or mental defect or illness. Thus, not every expenditure prescribed by a physician or for the physical comfort of the individual will be considered a medical expense. Seymour v. Commissioner, 14 T. C. 1111 (1950). For example, the costs of transportation expenses to and from a golf course where golf was recommended for a victim of pulmonary emphysema are not deductible. Altman v. Commissioner, 53 T. C. 487 (1969). The costs of vacations or athletic club fees, while beneficial to the general health of a taxpayer, are also nondeductible personal or living expenses under section 262 of the Code. Havey v. Commissioner, 12 T. C. 409 (1949). An expenditure that merely serves the convenience of the taxpayer is not considered a medical expense. Worden v. Commissioner, T. C. M. 1981-366. Deductions under section 213(e) are confined strictly to expenditures for medical care. In the present situation, As physician prescribed swimming in order to alleviate As osteoarthritis. In order to follow the prescribed treatment, A constructed a shallow â€Å"lap† pool incorporating specially designed stairs for ease of entry and exit and a hydrotherapy device. The specially designed exercise pool is not suitable for general recreational use. HAINES v. COMMISSIONER, 71 TC 644, Code Sec(s) 213. C. William Haines and Sara B. Haines, Petitionerv. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Respondent Case Information: Code Sec(s): | 213[pg. 644] | Docket: | Docket No. 8474-76. | Date Issued: | 01/25/1979 | Judge: | Opinion by SIMPSON, J. | Tax Year(s): | Year 1972. | Disposition: | Decision for Commissioner. | HEADNOTE 1. MEDICAL EXPENSES—Definition of medical care—special home improvements for disabled persons and preventive medicine—deduction denied. Medical expense deduction denied for cost of swimming pool taxpayer built in his home. Expenses incurred in building pool were not primarily related to his medical care. Need for special therapy for taxpayers leg continued for only limited period of time. Having pool at home was mere convenience, not necessity. Since pool was not enclosed, taxpayer had access to it for only 6 months out of the year and it contained no equipment to help him with his physical therapy. Reference(s): 1979 P-H Fed.  ¶16,432(10). Code Sec. 213 . OPINION Therefore, under the regulations, the test is whether the petitioners expenditures were incurred for the primary purpose of, and were related directly to, his medical care. See Ferris v. Commissioner, 582 F. 2d 1112 (7th Cir. 1978), revg. and remanding on another issue a Memorandum Opinion of this Court; Havey v. Commissioner, 12 T. C. 409, 412 (1949). In light of all the facts and circumstances of this case, we must hold that the expenses the petitioner incurred in building a swimming pool were not for the primary purpose of, and were not related directly to, his medical care. Undoubtedly, swimming was beneficial to his condition, but such evidence is insufficient to establish that the primary purpose of the building of his own pool was related directly to his medical care. Cf. Ferris v. Commissioner, supra. The need for special therapy for his leg [pg. 648]continued for only a limited period of time. Although he remains limited as to the forms of exercise in which he can engage, his present practice of swimming as a means of exercise is not significantly different than the activities of many others who prefer that form of exercise for its undoubted advantages. During the period special therapy for his leg was required, it could have been secured through other far less costly means; for example, the petitioner could have secured the necessary therapy at the hospital or he could have arranged to swim at a health club which was not far from his residence. The pool cost the petitioner over $19,000, and we cannot accept his contention that such amount was spent primarily for therapy for his leg in view of the limited need for such therapy and the alternatives which were then available. Moreover, even the testimony of the petitioners physician does not support his contention that his own swimming pool was a medical necessity for him. When asked his reason for recommending swimming to the petitioner, the doctor stated: Well, he was having to go over to the hospital daily for quite a while there to get the exercises, and then theyd put him in a whirlpool, and I felt, and had the personal reasons for—to advise him to build a pool himself so he could swim when he had occasion to swim. (Emphasis added. ) The doctors statements do not indicate a medical exigency for the petitioners nstallation of his own pool. InSeymour v. Commissioner, 14 T. C. 1111, 1117 (1950), we said: The statute deals with expenses paid for medical care of the taxpayer. Not every expenditure prescribed by a physician is to be catalogued under this term, nor is every expense that may be incurred for the physical comfort of a party a medical expense. Having a swimming pool at his home made i t more convenient for the petitioner to exercise in a pool, but an expenditure that merely serves the convenience of the taxpayer cannot be treated as a medical expense. Seymour v. Commissioner, supra at 1117. Other circumstances in this case also indicate that the petitioners swimming pool was not built for the primary purpose of his medical care. He testified that he had access to his pool only from April to October; thus, its use was not available to him for approximately one-half of each year. He also testified that he would like to have enclosed the pool, but the additional cost of doing so was too great. However, in Ferris[pg. 649] v. Commissioner, supra, where the taxpayer, a resident of Madison, Wis. was required to swim twice a day for the rest of her life, the pool was enclosed, and it was agreed that the costs of the enclosure were deductible. If swimming in his own pool was required for the treatment of the petitioners broken leg, it does seem that such treatment should have been available for more than one-half of the year, and the fact that the pool was not available for such a large portion of the time provides further evidence that it s construction was not required for medical purposes.

Essay on RPG MMORPG Differences

Essay on RPG MMORPG Differences Essay on RPG MMORPG Differences RPG & MMORPG Differences Massive multiplayer online role playing (MMORPG) games and role playing games (RPG) can be similar while one plays through the game, but is actually way different. When looking at these two genres one can see that as you play through the game that the gameplay and story concept are dramatically different. Here one will examine the gameplay and story concept between the â€Å"Fallout† series and â€Å"World of Warcraft†. In the â€Å"Fallout† series the gameplay and story concept all revolve around your character that you play. In this one is a survivor of the apocalypse amongst very few others. You adventure through an open world doing missions, slaying enemies, and putting pieces together to solve larger problems for other non-players characters (NPCs). In this particular RPG the entire gameplay and story concept revolves around oneself. The actual gameplay changes as you complete challenges and unlock new abilities one’s character can do, thus changing how you play it entirely. The story also may change whether one chooses to be evil or good throughout the game. It can also change on how you decide which mission’s one chooses to-do this can drastically change the world around oneself, and alter the storyline greatly. In the MMORPG â€Å"World of Warcraft† one will play with thousands of people online. You pick a race and class that you would like to play this will determine at higher levels what style of gameplay one will perform whether a tank, healer or damager dealer (DPS). As a tank your job will be to control hard hitting enemies that would otherwise kill everyone in your group, as a healer you will keep everyone alive, and lastly DPS will just kill what is needed at the time. As one can see the gameplay here is revolved around groups. As you progress through the game you will do countless quests that generate experience points (XP). The XP will add up and level one’s character ultimately unlocking new ab ilities. The quests that get done

Mental Illness and Incarceration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mental Illness and Incarceration - Essay Example The case of Bennie Anthony demonstrates how releasing mentally ill criminals back into society failed to protect the public. In the Anthony case less than one month after being released Anthony set fire to his girlfriend's home. This was not an isolated case and the welfare of the criminal himself needs to be considered. For example, as seen in Reid (2006) Tylor attempted to hang himself while in prison and another inmate attempted suicide seventeen times. Had they not been incarcerated at that time and were, instead, free on the streets, there is a high likelihood that their suicide attempts would have been successful. While some people would argue that mentally ill inmates should not be housed with general population criminals, often within the prison system the two classes of criminals are segregated. The narrator of the New Asylums video stated "In Ohio, mentally ill inmates are separated from the prison's general population and housed in mental health units where they can be treated." Since they are separated they are not interacting with the criminals on a regular or daily basis. This segregation of mentally ill inmates, in effect, ensures the protection of both society and the mentally ill inmates while also treating their illnesses. Additionally, the mentally ill who commit crimes do not have mens rea even though they have actually committed a crime. Incarcerating them may not be the most logical or rational decision but our society has by consensus accepted this practice. One reason could be because society feels it is best for us all to have them locked away and provides for the safety of the inmate himself. As Reid states "the primary job of prison administrators is to administer justice, not treatment" (2006 page number), this is accomplished by locking up the mentally ill. Reid further states "Some people commit crimes while they are not thinking rationally" (2006 page number). These people get punished even when they are not thinking in a rational manner. Although this may be a temporary state of mind, it can be compared to the status of mentally ill criminals and confirms the precedent for incarceration of criminals who are mentally ill or not in a rational state of mind at the time of the offence. Many people feel that our criminal justice system has failed to rehabilitate criminals, whether mentally ill or not. However, Fogel as quoted in Reid states that "the purpose of the prison is to confine for a specified period of time, not to rehabilitate the criminal" (2006 page number). The author feels that this inability or unwillingness to rehabilitate criminals becomes more pronounced and evident when the criminals are mentally ill. Not only is there no rehabilitation but often mental health care is inadequate or non existent. Mental Health Administrator, Bridget Benetis admits that keeping the inmates locked up is not going to do any good for them, but she also sees it as necessary. At the facility they have medication, available psychiatrists, and nurses 24 hours a day. She asserts that they are not going to find that level of care at any other place. Another area of concern is that within the prison system there is a possibility that a person who is not mentally ill can develop mental illnesses while incarcerated due to conditions within the prison

Poverty in an Era of Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Poverty in an Era of Globalization - Essay Example Seeking to explore poverty and malnutrition across the globe through an analysis of the political and economic situation in Somalia, one of Africa’s poorest countries, this essay will show the linkages between poverty and political instability. Accordingly, this essay will show that political instability perpetuates economic stagnation in Somalia and any attempts to resolve the poverty crisis in the region must address the political causes behind underdevelopment. Underdevelopment breeds poverty in Somalia which is demonstrated through widespread malnutrition, low life expectancies and poor rankings in a variety of indicators of overall health (Spencer 2008). Seeking to explore poverty and malnutrition in Sub Saharan Africa through an analysis of the political and economic situation in Somalia, one of Africa’s poorest countries, this essay will show the linkages between poverty and political instability in an era of globalization. Accordingly, this essay will show that political instability perpetuates economic stagnation in Somalia and any attempts to resolve the poverty crisis in the region must address the political causes behind underdevelopment. Underdevelopment breeds poverty in Somalia which is demonstrated through widespread malnutrition, low life expectancies and poor rankings in a variety of indicators of overall health (Pretty 1999; Spencer 2008). Aiming to address the linkages between underdevelopment characterized by malnutrition and poverty and political instability, this essay will explore the relationship between these two diverse, although seemingly interdependent phenomena. Does poverty breed political instability? Are poor countries more prone to political violence and insecurity? What good is the democracy if people remain poor?

Lies My Teacher Told Me Essay Example for Free

Lies My Teacher Told Me Essay My teacher Told Me is a book that should be read by everyone at some point in their lives. According to James W. Loewen, students hate history classes and when they have to take history, the students think its boring. They repress everythingthey were taught. James W. Loewen spent a lot of time studying 12 history textbooks; he observed high school history classes and interveiwed high school history teachers. Ths is how he knows that the textbook leave out conflict or real suspense (pg 13). In his book he tells us what the textbooks lleft out or distorted about events that took place in history. He asks the question Why are history textbooks so bad? (pg14). Nationaism is one reason; they want us to be proud of America and proud to be an American. The textbooks do not include controversy; if they did then students may think the subject was interesting. Students are not taght the details of our heros unacceptabele side. Our history textbooks do not teach us about that Helen Keller was a radical socialist and admired the communist party in Tussia. How did she come to be so radical? Our students are taught that Helen Keller was deaf and bling, that is all most people remember her for. She came rrom an affluent family and she was shocked to find out how really poor pwople lived, how they had poor health care, miserable livinge conditions, poor nutrition and that people worked in sweatshops. She fought for the righs of women to vote. We are taught that Woodrow Wilson was a great statesman. After he led America into World War I he led the struggle to esablish the League of Nations. Loewen states that we were never tayght that Wilson was a leader of segregation in the federal government. He led some outrageois militant interventions in foreign countries: the consequences of those are still causing gavoc today. He sent money to the white side of the Russian Civil War and authorized a naval blockade of the Soviet Union. He sent forces to help overthrow the Russian Revolution. That caused aggression that motivated Russia in the Cold War. Wilson was openly hostile to black people. He barred blacks from any federal hobs. When he ran for office he prmised he would press for civel righes, when he got into office he did not do that. Christopher Columbus is portrayed as Americas first hero. today Christopher Columbus is one of two people to have their name marked on a national holiday. If we knew the true facts of Christopher Columbus would we be less likely to celebrate and honor him on that day? Christopher Columbus was ooking for a new route to the east to get spices because the Turks closed the land route. After two months at sea he landed in the West Indies. He found a new contient, so we were taught. For centuries fishermen and seamen had known the earth was roung. The Turks made money from the land routes being open so they had not reason to close the land routes. Europeans had been fishing off of Newfoundland in 1480s. For thousand of years the Irish an dPhoenicians had visited Canada and New England, Columbus purpose fro the beginning was not exploration or trade, but conquest and exploitation. the fact that sailors carried small pox, bubonic plague adn influenza killed a very large percentage of the natives everywhere they went. Taking of land , wealth and labor from the natives which caused their near extermination and the transatlanti slave trade which created racial underclass were introduces by Columbus that revolutionized race relations and transformed the modern world. When Christopher Columbus could not find gold to take, he took slaves and shipped them to Europe. He mistreatedthe natives he came upon, taking their land and raping their women. The truth about the Thanksging tradition is that George Washington set aside days for national thanksgiving. During the civil war the union needed all the patriotism it coud come up with, Abraham Lincoln proclaimed thanksgiving a notional hiliday. The pilgrims had nothing to do with it. No one used the term pilgrims until the 1870s the term, Pilgrims did not get introduces in the tradion until the 1890s. The Pilgrims did show courage in making the trip and they suffered from diseases such as scurvy and pneumonia and half of them died. When the Pilgrims landed, they fornd land already cleared; they found corn, squash and beans. they had the place to themselves and helped themselves to the crops. hey thought that God had brought the plague to the Indians so they could have their land. The pilgrims did not cause the plague but the British anFrench fishermen had brought it. Within three tears the plague killed between 90 and 96 percent of the natives of coastal New England. That left the land for the Pilgrims. Students, especially of the niddle class, know little about how the American class structure works and nothing about how it has changed over time. textbooks touch on the certain points of labor history but do not cover anything that has to do with social class. Four of the twil textboos Loewen reviewed, suppled fragmentary analyses of social stratification that were more in the colonial America. Teh textbooks takl about Social Mobility however ther s not anything said about the differences in social classes. Social class is an imprtant part of our society. It starts from conception. Affluent mothers are more likely to get prenatal care than a poor or working lass mother to be. Low income kids often times have negaive attitudes. To teach about social class in our history and in our present would invite students to let go and look past their own social class to be able to learn and grow beyond the begative thoughts that hold them i the same social class. Recent history is the history that has the most impact on our lives today. Loewen compares the War of 1812 and Vietnam War, which high school students know very little about. The war of 1812 killed 2,000 Americans an dlasted half as long as the Vietnam War. It lasted 10 years and 50,000 Americans died. textbooks give the two the same amount of space. teh textbooks do not show the degree of destruction done in Vietnam and to the Vietnamese population. the textbooks do not coner My Lai where American troops had personally raped, cut off ears, cut off heads, taped wires from portable telephones to human genitals and turned up the power, cut off limbs, blown up bodies, randomly shot at civilians, razed villages in reminiscent of Genghis Khan, shot cattle3 and dogs for fun, poisoned food stocks, and generslly ravaged the countryside of South Vietnam. as john Kerry tokd the Senate Foreign Relations committee in April of 1971. (pg 245) Most teachers do not want to cover the Vietnam War in detail, they are agraid it might give students the wrong impression of American institutions. Along with the Vietnam War not being covered in schools is the womenss movement. Techers are afraid of offending the parents of the students. Most yount addults that have had history classes in high school cannot say when the civil War was fought or who was in the Vietnam War. Our History in the textbooks is portrayed as dead facts about our history would be remembered by the students. History is taught in a positive way of the white mand, the students ofother bakgrounds and nationalities often get offended and resist learning American History. If the teachers strayed away from the traditional way history is taught and brought in other sources and addd emotion to it, it would be a more interesting subject to study. This book is intriguing and thought provoking. I had no idea that history was taught like this. I fully agree that history at the same time should focus on patriotism, it should also be taught with facts, true facts. Our hisory is our history, it is what it is and we connot change it. The only thing we can do now is change the way it is taught in the present and the future. If we teach the wrong doings of the past, we may not make the same mistakes again. Loewen, James W. Lies My Teacher Told Me

The Devils Backbone Essay -- essays research papers

During the Spanish Civil War, an orphaned 10-year-old boy, Carlos (Fernando Tielve), arrives at the Santa Lucia School, where he's taken in by the headmistress (Marisa Paredes). Over time, Carlos comes to realize that the school has some creepy secrets, including a sighing ghost. Starring Eduardo Noriega, Marisa Paredes, Federico Luppi, Inigo Garces, Fernando Tielve, Irene Visedo Directed by Guillermo del Toro Written by Guillermo del Toro, Antonio Trashorras, David Muà ±oz Studio Sony Pictures Classics During the Spanish Civil War, an orphaned 10-year-old boy, Carlos (Fernando Tielve), arrives at the Santa Lucia School, where he's taken in by the headmistress (Marisa Paredes). Over time, Carlos comes to realize that the school has some creepy secrets, including a sighing ghost. Starring Eduardo Noriega, Marisa Paredes, Federico Luppi, Inigo Garces, Fernando Tielve, Irene Visedo Directed by Guillermo del Toro Written by Guillermo del Toro, Antonio Trashorras, David Muà ±oz Studio Sony Pictures Classics Genre Horror, Drama Release Date November 21, 2001 (NY); expands nationwide at a later date MPAA Rating R - for violence and some sexuality Running Time 106 minutes Filming Location(s) Madrid Web Sites Official Site Official Spanish Site 10/08/01 Director del Toro is also attached to Blade 2: Bloodhunt and the comic book adaptation Hellboy. (Upcoming Movies) POSITIVE SOURCE RATING THE GIST Cranky Critic $5 †¦ a very cool ghost story, with a couple o...

A Sad Love Story

A sad Love Story.. A boy proposed his girlfriend for marriage, Girl: Tell me.. Who do you love most in this world? Boy: You, of course ! Girl: What am I to you? Boy: The boy thought for a moment and looked intently in her eyes and said â€Å"u r missing part of my heart † She smiled, and she accepted his proposal. ::  ¦ ::  ¦ : :  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦ After their wedding , the couple had a sweet and happy life for a while . However ,the youthful couple began to drift apart due to the busy schedule of life and the never-ending worries of aily problems and soon after their life became difficult . ::  ¦ ::  ¦ : :  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦::  ¦ : : All the challenges posed by the harsh realities of life began to drift away their dreams and love for each other . .. The couple began to have more quarrels and each quarrel became make their relation more worst. One day , after the quarrel , the girl ran out of the house.. ..At the opposite side of the road , she shouted,† You don' t love me †¦ !† The boy hated her childishness and out of impulse, said ,†May be, it was a mistake for us to e together ..! You were never da missing part of my  ¦ †¦ !† Suddenly, she turned quiet and stood there for a long while .. .. He regretted what he said but wordsspoken cant be taken back. With tears in her eyes, she went home to pack her things and Before leaving the house,she left a note for him: â€Å"If I ‘m really not da missing part of ur  ¦, let me go.. n search for sum 1 whu is. .. It is less painful thisway†¦ let us go on our separate ways and search for our own partners .. .† ::  ¦ ::  ¦ : :  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦ ::  ¦::  ¦ : : Five years went by. .. He never remarried but he had tried to find out about her life indirectly .. †¦ . She had left the country and was living her dreams. He use to regret on what he did but never tried to bring her back. . In the dark and l onely night , he lit his cigarette and felt the lingering ache in his heart. He couldn' t bring himself to admit that he was missing her . †¦. One day , they finally met†¦ . At the airport , He was going away on a business trip . He saw her, She was standing there alone, with just the security door separating them.She smiled at him gently . Boy: How are you ? Girl: I' m fine. How about you.. . Have you found your heart ‘ s missing part.. .? Boy: No . Girl: I' ll be flying to New York in the next flight . Boy: I ‘ll be back in 2 weeks time . Give me a call when you are back †¦ You know my number †¦ . Nothing has changed . With a smile , she turned around and waved good- bye .. â€Å"Good-bye . . . † Same evening he heard of a plane crash which was headed to New York . He tried to know about her and found that,She died . Midnight. †¦ Once again , he lit his cigarette. †¦ . And like before, he felt the lingering ache in his heart. †¦ He finally knew , she was that missing part that he had carelessly broken . . . Sometimes, people say things out of moments of fury†¦ .. We take outour 99% frustrations at our loved ones. †¦ And even though we knowthat we ought to†think twice and act wisely†, we actually dont do it. Things happen each day , many of which are beyond our control . Try not to hurt ur loved once, bcz amoment of anger cud b a lifetym punishment †¦ u

Faux Amis - French English False Cognates Letter E

One of the great things about learning French or English is that many words have the same roots in the Romance languages and English. However, there are also a great many faux amis, or false cognates, which look similar but have different meanings. This is one of the biggest pitfalls for students of French. There are also semi-false cognates: words that can only sometimes be translated by the similar word in the other language.This alphabetical list (newest additions) includes hundreds of French-English false cognates, with explanations of what each word means and how it can be correctly translated into the other language. To avoid confusion due to the fact that some of the words are identical in the two languages, the French word is followed by (F) and the English word is followed by (E).à ©ducation (F) vs education (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©ducation (F) usually refers to education at home: upbringing, manners.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  education (E) is a general term for formal learning instruction, enseignement.à ©ligible (F) vs eligible (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©ligible (F) means eligible only for membership or an elected office.br/>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  eligible (E) is a much more general term: à ©ligible or admissible. To be eligible avoir droit à  , remplir/satisfaire les conditions requises pour.à ©mail (F) vs email (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©mail (F) refers to enamel.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  email (E) is often translated as un email, but the accepted French term is un courriel (learn more).embarras (F) vs embarrass (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  embarras (F) indicates trouble or confusion as well as embarrassment.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  embarrass (E) is a verb: embarrasser, gà ªner.embrasser (F) vs embrace (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  embrasser (F) means to kiss, or can be used formally to mean to espouse.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  embrace (E) means à ©treindre or enlacer.à ©mergence (F) vs emergency (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©mergence (F) is the equivalent of the English words emergence or source.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  emergency (E) is un cas urgent or un imprà ©vu.employer (F) vs employer (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  employer (F) is a verb - to use, employ.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  employer (E) is a noun - un patron, un employeur.enchantà © (F) vs enchanted (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  enchantà © (F) means enchanted or delighted, and is most commonly used upon meeting someone, the way Its nice to meet you is used in English.br/>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  enchanted (E) enchantà ©, but the English word is much less common than the French.enfant (F) vs Infant (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  enfant (F) means child.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Infant (E) refers to un nouveau-nà © or un bà ©bà ©.engagement (F) vs Engagement (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  engagement (F) has many meanings: commitment, promise, agreement; (finance) investing, liabilities; (negotiations) opening, start; (sports) kick-off; (contest) entry. It never means a marital engagement.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  engagement (E) usually indicate s ones engagement to be married: les fianà §ailles. It can also refer to un rendez-vous or une obligation.engrosser (F) vs engross (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  engrosser (F) is a familiar verb meaning to knock up, get someone pregnant.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  engross (E) means absorber, captiver.enthousiaste (F) vs enthusiast (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  enthousiaste (F) can be a noun - enthusiast, or an adjective - enthusiastic.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  enthusiast (E) is only a noun - enthousiaste.entrà ©e (F) vs entrà ©e (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  entrà ©e (F) is another word for hors-doeuvre; an appetizer.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  entrà ©e (E) refers to the main course of a meal: le plat principal.br/>envie (F) vs envy (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  envie (F) Avoir envie de means to want or to feel like something: Je nai pas envie de travailler - I dont want to work (feel like working). The verb envier, however, does mean to envy.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  envy (E) means to be jealous or desirous of something belonging to another. The French verb is envier: I envy Johns courage - Jenvie le courage à   Jean. escroc (F) vs escrow (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  escroc (F) refers to a crook or swindler.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  escrow (E) means un dà ©pà ´t fiduciaire or conditionnel.à ©tiquette (F) vs etiquette (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©tiquette (F) is a semi-false cognate. In addition to etiquette or protocole, it can be a sticker or label.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  etiquette (E) can mean à ©tiquette, convenances, or protocole.à ©ventuel (F) vs eventual (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©ventuel (F) means possible: le rà ©sultat à ©ventuel - the possible outcome.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  eventual (E) describes something that will happen at some unspecified point in the future; it can be translated by a relative clause like qui sensuit or qui a rà ©sultà © or by an adverb like finalement.à ©ventuellement (F) vs eventually (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©ventuellement (F) means possibly, if need be, or even: Vous pouvez à ©ventuellement prendre ma voiture - You can even take my car / You can take my car if need be.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  eventually (E) indicates that an action will occur at a later time; it can be translated by finalement, à   la longue, or tà ´t ou tard : I will eventually do it - Je le ferai finalement / tà ´t ou tard.br/>à ©vidence (F) vs evidence (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©vidence (F) refers to obviousness, an obvious fact, or prominence.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  evidence (E) means le tà ©moignage or la preuve.à ©vident (F) vs evident (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©vident (F) usually means evident or obvious, and there is a familiar expression that always catches me: ce nest pas à ©vident - its not that simple.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  evident (E) means à ©vident or manifeste.à ©vincer (F) vs evince (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ©vincer (F) means to oust, supplant, or evict.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  evince (E) manifester or faire preuve de.exceptionnel (F) vs exceptional (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  exceptionnel (F) can mean either exceptional or special in the sense of out-of-the-ordinary, unexpect ed.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  exceptional (E) means exceptionnel.expà ©rience (F) vs experience (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  expà ©rience (F) is a semi-false cognate, because it means both experience and experiment: Jai fait une expà ©rience - I did an experiment. Jai eu une expà ©rience intà ©ressante - I had an interesting experience.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  experience (E) can be a noun or verb refering to something that happened. Only the noun translates into expà ©rience : Experience shows that ... - Lexpà ©rience dà ©montre que... He experienced some difficulties - Il a rencontrà © des difficultà ©s.expà ©rimenter (F) vs experiment (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  expà ©rimenter (F) is a semi-false cognate. It is equivalent to the English verb, but also has the added sense of to test an apparatus.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  experiment (E) as a verb means to test hypotheses or ways of doing things. As a noun, it is equivalent to the French word expà ©rience (see above).exploitation (F) vs exploitation (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  exploitation (F) can mean either usage or exploitation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  exploitation (E) is translated by exploitation, but it always has a negative connotation in English, unlike the French which can simply refer to usage.exposition (F) vs exposition (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Une exposition (F) can refer to an exposition of facts, as well as to an exhibition or show, the aspect of a building, or exposure to heat or radiation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Exposition (E) un commentaire, un exposà ©, or une interprà ©tation.br/>extra (F) vs extra (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  extra (F) is an adjective that means first-rate or terrific. Un extra is a catering assistant or a treat.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  extra (E) the adjective means supplà ©mentaire. As an adverb, it might be translated by plus, trà ¨s, or even un supplà ©ment (e.g., to pay extra - payer un supplà ©ment). As a noun meaning perk, its equivalent to un à  -cà ´tà ©. extras as in extra options are en option or gà ¢teries, extra fees are frais supplà ©mentaires. An acting extra is un figurant and extra time in sports is prolongation(s).